Initiated in 2005, the Research Program of Public Budgeting Reform is a comprehensive program integrating research, training, local pilots and international conferences. It aimed to promote the research of public budgeting and get the public, media and NGOs involved into public budget-making, so as to explore a feasible public budgeting model in line with Chinese national conditions. In 2006, China Development Research Foundation (CDRF) assisted local governments in Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, and Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, in carrying out the pilots of participatory public budgeting. It was the first successful attempt for Chinese local governments to guide and attract public participation in the process of allocating funds for social development, which witnessed a pursuit for innovative budgeting models at grass-root levels. In the meantime, CDRF sponsored several researches on public budgeting through public tendering. The Research Program of Public Budgeting Reform received substantial support from many agencies and organizations, such as NPC Financial and Economic Committee, Economic Committee of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, Research Institute for Fiscal Science of Ministry of Finance, Ford Foundation, Britain’s Department for International Development, Canada International Development Research Centre and International Budget Program. In 2007, the Program bore abundant fruit. Its subprojects finished more than 20 reports on public budgeting management and public expense evaluation. And, in order to facilitate a better understanding of government expenditure structure and its analysis, CDRF re-compiled the Handbook of Public Budgeting on the basis of China’s revenue and expenditure system reform in 2007. The revised Handbook was published in March, 2008.